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As for the provinces, the mainpurpose kept in view by the new Government was to efface the tracesof the shugo system. The fifth crossed from Port Arthur to Weihaiwei, whichit captured. Ithas been shown that he held Harunaga's son, as a hostage. Go-Shirakawa therefore resumed the administration of Stateaffairs, Yoshinaka being given the privilege of access to thePresence and entrusted with the duty of guarding the capital.

But, from the days of Ietsuna, the wives and children of thedaimyo were allowed to return to their provinces, and under theeighth shogun, Yoshimune, the system of sankin kotai ceased to bebinding. it is stated that themetropolis became a den for foxes and wolves, and that Imperialmandates and religious doctrines were alike unheeded. But there can be no question that he possessed an almostmarvellous power of reading character, and that in devising the beste lendar, Prince Shotoku; revision of 1683; further revision plannedby YoshimuneCalligraphyCalthrop, Capt.